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The total population of Sudan is 41,511,526 people. People in Sudan speak the Arabic, and English languages. The linguistic diversity of Sudan is rather diverse according to a fractionalization scale which for Sudan is 0.719. The median age is approximately 19.1 years. Life expectancy in Sudan is 63. The female fertility rate in Sudan is 5.2. Around 6% of the population of Sudan are obese. The ethnic diversity is rather diverse according to a fractionalization scale which for Sudan is 0.7147. To find out specifics of language, religion, age, gender distribution, and advancement of people in Sudan see the sections below, as well as visit the section concerning the education in the country.

Population
In Sudan, the population density is 16.8 people per square kilometer (44 per square mile). Because of this statistic, this country is considered to be sparsely populated. The total population of Sudan is 41,511,526 people. Sudan has approximately 446,707 foreign immigrants. Immigrants in Sudan represent 0.2 percent of the total number of immigrants in the world. Immigrants in Sudan represent 1.2 percent of the total number of immigrants in the world. The ethnic diversity of Sudan is rather diverse according to a fractionalization scale based on ethnicity. Ethnic fractionalization (EF) deals with the number, sizes, socioeconomic distribution, and geographical location of distinct cultural groups, usually in a state or some otherwise delineated territory. Specific cultural features might refer to language, skin color, religion, ethnicity, customs and traditions, history, or other distinctive criteria, alone or in combination. Frequently, these features are used for social exclusion and the monopolization of power. The index of ethnic fractionalization in Sudan is 0.7147. This means that there is a relatively high number of unique ethnic groups in Sudan. EF is usually measured as 1 minus the Herfindahl concentration index of ethnolinguistic group shares, which reproduces the probability that two randomly drawn individuals from the population belong to different groups. The theoretical maximum of EF of 1 means that each person belongs to a different group. Read below for statistics of Sudan on median age and gender distribution at various ages.

Age
The median age is approximately 19.1 years. The median age for men is 18.9, while the median age for women is 19.4.

Gender
The sex ratio, or the number of males for each female (estimated at birth), is 1.05. It can be further divided into the following categories: sex ratio under 15 - 1.04; sex ratio from 15 to 64 - 1.01; sex ratio over 64 - 1.07; total sex ratio - 1.03. Total sex ratio is different from sex ratio estimated at birth. This is due to the fact that some newborns are considered in the sex ratio estimated at birth but pass away within the first weeks of their life and are not included in the total sex ratio.

Religion
The majority religion of Sudan is Islam, the followers of which comprise 90.7% of all religious believers in the country. Islam (Arabic: الإسلام‎) is a monotheistic and Abrahamic religion articulated by the Quran, a religious text considered by its adherents to be the verbatim word of God (Allāh), and, for the vast majority of adherents, by the teachings and normative example (called the sunnah, Arabic سنة, composed of accounts called hadith, Arabic حديث) of Muhammad, considered by most of them to be the last prophet of God. An adherent of Islam is called a Muslim. Besides Islam, there are several other religions present within the country. Other religions in Sudan are Hinduism, Buddhism, folk religions, Judaism. The religious diversity of Sudan is diverse according to a fractionalization scale based on the number of religions in Sudan. The index of religious fractionalization in Sudan is 0.4307. This score means that within the country there is one major religion and several other minor beliefs.